Vaccinations

1. Annual flu

The annual flu vaccine is formulated to boost the body's ability to develop antibodies against various strains of the flu virus. When the body produces antibodies, it is able to protect itself against infection.

The flu vaccine is recommended for those who are at increased risk of flu, including young children; those over the age of 65 years old; those suffering from a chronic health condition like diabetes, asthma and heart disease; those with a weakened immune system; and pregnant women.

Although there are some potential short-term side-effects, the flu vaccine is very safe and effective. One cannot contract flu from the vaccine as it does not contain a live virus. Flu-like symptoms after vaccination is a good sign as it means the body is hosting an immune response.

2. Pneumococcal (pneumonia)

Pneumonia refers to an infection in one or both of the lungs. It can be caused by a number of factors, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. The condition causes the air sacs in the lungs to become inflamed and filled with fluid, making it difficult to breathe. Some common symptoms include coughing, fever, chest pain and shortness of breath.

There are two types of pneumococcal vaccines, which are formulated to help prevent pneumonia. These are the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Your doctor will advise you of the option best suited to your needs. If you have had both the conjugate and the polysaccharide vaccine you do not need any further pneumococcal vaccinations. The combination ensures lifetime protection.

Pneumococcal vaccines are recommended for children under the age of two years old, and for all adults over the age of 65.